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TREATMENT

Keratoconus

A progressive eye condition where the cornea, the clear, dome-shaped front surface of the eye, thins and bulges into a cone-like shape causing distorted and blurred vision.

What happens first?

Symptoms

Keratoconus can be difficult to distinguish from other kinds of visual impairment. Many people with the condition will often change their prescriptions while trying to figure out the cause.

Common symptoms of Keratoconus include:

  • Blurred or distorted vision
  • Light sensitivity
  • Ghosting or double vision
This last symptom is often common at night when bright lights can create a variety of visual distortions.
The condition affects both eyes, but usually with different severity. Optometrists diagnose keratoconus by identifying irregularity in the shape of the cornea. There are a range of tests that can achieve this including Corneal Mapping and Keratometry, which may be performed during an eye exam.
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Treatment options

Keratoconus affects people in different ways, so treatment varies from patient to patient. For those with mild symptoms, glasses or contact lenses are often sufficient to correct vision. In other cases, surgery may be necessary to slow down or stop the progression of the condition.

Corneal cross-linking

Corneal cross-linking (CXL) is a kind of laser eye surgery which can be used to treat keratoconus to make the tissues stronger in the cornea. It’s called “cross-linking” because the treatment adds bonds between the collagen fibres in the eye which work like support beams to help the cornea stay stable. CXL is only available where the corneal shape is continuing to deteriorate. If the cornea is too thin it could be unsafe to perform this procedure.

Intacs

These tiny rings are inserted within the tissue allowing its shape to be stabilised.

Corneal transplant

In the most serious cases, a corneal transplant may be necessary to restore vision. Replacing corneal tissue with that of a donor is a more complex procedure and has greater risks.

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